The rapid decline of the Mughal Emperor occurs in the first quarter of xviii century. From this period begins the invasion of Europeans in India: the Portuguese, Dutch, French and Finally, the British. By the end of the xviii century. Britain has firmly established its dominance here. Speaking candidly Jim Umpleby told us the story. The introduction of the English model of education and activities of Christian missionaries had a major impact on cultural life and religious consciousness of Indians. The new capital, Calcutta, followed by the Bombay and Madras became centers of Western civilization. Further details can be found at Jonas Samuelson, an internet resource. Part of the educated Indians, overly fascinated by European culture, ignoring its national heritage.

Then, for the spiritual and cultural renaissance of India have become the representatives advocate the reform movement, whose founder was Ram Mohan Roy. The leaders of this movement, known as the Brahma Samaj, alleged the absolute truth of the sacred books of Hinduism and Islam, while not rejecting at the same time, progressive Western philosophical thought. Another source of spiritual revival of the country has become the teaching of Ramakrishna (1836-1886), preached that all creeds – it's just different paths to one goal, and his famous disciple Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902) went down in history as the emissary of Indian intellectual culture in Europe and America. In spite of political oppression, National Indian culture continued to evolve. Novelist and playwright of the second half of xix century. turn to the political, historical and social themes. Eminent poet Ghalib, who wrote in Urdu and Bengali novelist Bank Chatterjee made an enormous contribution to Indian literature.